GA 0319 in Philemon

I have collated 0319 for the main variants in Philemon as follows:

v. 2 – τη αγαπητη with TR RP, versus τη αδελφη – NA28

v. 6a – εν ημιν with RP NA28, versus εν υμιν – 𝔓⁶¹ 𝔓¹³⁹vid TR

v. 6b – χριστον ιησουν with TR RP, versus χριστον – 𝔓¹³⁹ NA28

v. 7 – χαραν with TR NA28, versus χαριν – RP

v. 9 – ιησου χριστου with TR RP, versus χριστου ιησου – NA28

v. 10 – δεσμοις 0319* with NA28, versus 0319c-vid – δεσμοις μου with TR RP

v. 11 – δε σοι with TR RP, versus δε [και] σοι – NA28

v. 12 –
σοι συ δε αυτον τουτ’ εστιν τα εμα σπλαγχνα προσλαβου with C² D versus
συ δε αυτον τουτ’ εστιν τα εμα σπλαγχνα προσλαβου – TR RP versus
σοι αυτον τουτ’ εστιν τα εμα σπλαγχνα – NA28

v. 17 – ουν με with RP NA28, versus ουν εμε – TR

v. 18 – ελλογει with TR RP, versus ελλογα – NA28

v. 20 – σπλαγχνα εν κυριω with TR RP, versus σπλαγχνα εν χριστω – NA28

v. 21 – ο λεγω with TR RP, versus α λεγω – NA28

v. 23 – ασπαζονται with TR RP, versus ασπαζεται – NA28

v. 25a – κυριου ημων with TR RP, versus κυριου – NA28

v. 25b – υμων αμην with TR RP, versus υμων – NA28

Updated 2026 Robinson-Pierpont

I have uploaded new, updated Robinson-Pierpont Greek New Testament files. The latest, 2026 change is that in Romans 13:9, σεαυτόν has been changed to ἑαυτόν, joining the Textus Receptus. I also added a few iota subscripts that were lacking in the 2005 edition.
You can download the new editions from the links below:

The one with the Nestle-Aland variants: https://bibletranslation.ws/down/Robinson_Pierpont_GNT.pdf
The one without the variants: https://bibletranslation.ws/down/Robinson_Pierpont_GNT_NV.pdf

The Best AI

People have asked Grok and other AI chat bots if the Greek name Ἰησοῦς is declinable. Most of them did poorly. However, Enoch answered very well:

Yes, the Greek name Ἰησοῦς is indeed declinable. It is a second-declension masculine noun, and it declines as follows:-
Nominative: Ἰησοῦς
Genitive: Ἰησοῦ
Dative: Ἰησοῦ
Accusative: Ἰησοῦν
Vocative: Ἰησοῦ

You can try Enoch at https://brighteon.ai

Enoch and the Sermon on the Mount

Many people are familiar with the statement of Jesus Christ on the Sermon on the Mount that the meek will inherit the earth. I found a very similar statement in the Greek text of the Book of Enoch, in 5:6:

“And all the humble servants will rejoice, and there will be for them a ransoming of sins, and a release of all compassion and peace and reasonableness. There will be for them healing, pleasant light. And they will inherit the earth.”

The Greek word for “humble servant” in this passage is ἁμάρτοι, 3rd sg pres opt act attic epic doric contr of the verb ἁμαρτέω. I wonder if this verb ἁμαρτέω every got confused with the verb ἁμαρτάνω, to sin. The verb ἁμαρτέω means to be an attendant serving someone. The Greek word translated “meek” can also be translated as “humble.”

I am constantly struck with how often Jesus and the apostles and other Bible writers showed familiarity with the Book of Enoch. You can download my ongoing translation of Greek Enoch here.

New Testament Published

David Robert Palmer has now published his New Testament on Amazon in paper and ink. It is new translation of the New Testament part of the Holy Bible, translated from an eclectic Greek text by David Robert Palmer (except Romans through Hebrews, which is an updated King James Version, updated by David Robert Palmer). This Bible is dedicated to the Public Domain, uncopyrighted; copyright is waived by author.

The paperback book is 440 pages, and costs $10.95 on Amazon, £8.95 in the UK, €10.45 in Europe, 8.30 CAD, 12.50 AUD. This is also listed on my Printed Editions page where you can find out what other works I have available in print.

The New Testament, and new translation by David Robert Palmer

Didache Correction

Thank-you to my readers Henry Long and Doug Webber, for pointing out that my edition of the ΔΙΔΑΧΗ ΤΩΝ ΑΠΟΣΤΟΛΩΝ was lacking the phrase ἧς ἐγνώρισας ἡμῖν διὰ Ἰησοῦ τοῦ παιδός σου in 9:2. It is now corrected, and you can download the corrected file of the Didache from this link.

GA 2080 in Acts

In Acts 12:25, there is a famous variant that gave both copyists and translators trouble apparently.

εις ιερουσαλημ – ℵ B H L P 049 056 𝔐 HF BG RP SBL TH ECM NA28 {C}
εξ ιερουσαλημ – 𝔓⁷⁴ A 33 Chrys TR AN
απο ιερουσαλημ – D Ψ
εις αντιοχειαν – 2080
απο ιερουσαλημ εις αντιοχειαν – E
εξ ιερουσαλημ εις αντιοχειαν – 35¹ 104 945 1739 1891 2200 2298

The problem is solved simply by translating εις in the Majority Text as “in/at” instead of “to.”

9:26 when he arrived in Jerusalem – εἰς / εν Ἰερουσαλὴμ
9:28 So he was with them at Jerusalem – εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ
15:12 Apostles and elders in Jerusalem – εἰς Ἰερουσαλὴμ
15:4 And when they arrived in Jerusalem – εἰς Ἱερουσαλήμ
20:16 hurrying to be in Jerusalem – εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα
21:13 die in Jerusalem – εἰς Ἰερουσαλὴμ
23:11 declared the things about me in Jerusalem – εἰς Ἰερουσαλὴμ
25:15 when I was in Jerusalem – εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα

GA 2080 was for myself, and also for the ECM, a consistently cited witness in Revelation, but not in ECM Acts. I intend to continue citing 2080 in Acts. I don’t know if it’s different in Acts, but in Revelation, GA 2080 was a descendant of the uncial 052, which appears to be an older text in Revelation than is Sinaiticus, since Sinaiticus sometimes conflated the readings of 2080 and A- 02.